第2讲 名词性从句 名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子,它的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语,因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 Many students don’t know what they should do①,but what Xiao Meng wants to do② is earn money.The reason is that she wants to lessen her parents’ burden③.It is said that many small companies need graduates to do part-time jobs②.Xiao Meng has applied for two jobs but she is not sure whether she will be employed①.She also wonders when she will be admitted to a college① and which city she will go①.She is anxious for the news that she is admitted to a good university④. [规则感悟] ①位于及物动词或形容词之后的从句是宾语从句。②谓语动词之前的从句为主语从句。此外,该从句可以用it作形式主语。③位于be动词之后的从句是表语从句。④位于抽象名词之后,解释该名词内容的从句为同位语从句。 1.名词性从句的引导词如下表所示 引导词 功能 从属 连词 that 在从句中不作任何成分,也没有词汇意义 whether,if 在从句中不作任何成分,意为“是否” because,as if/though 在从句中不作任何成分,分别意为“因为”“好像” 连接代词 who(ever),whom(ever),what(ever),whose,which(ever) who(ever)和what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语; whom(ever)在从句中作宾语; which(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语; whose在从句中作定语 连接副词 when(ever),where,wherever,why,how(ever) 在从句中作状语 2.名词性从句的语序是陈述语序 Do you know where will the party be held?(×) Do you know where the party will be held?(√) 3.名词性从句的时态 (1)当主句是现在时态(一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时)时, 从句可根据实际情况使用 各种时态。 It annoys me that he broke my favourite vase. 他打碎了我最喜欢的花瓶,这令我很生气。 Do you know when and where he bought the book? 你知道他什么时候在哪里买的这本书吗? I have heard that our teacher will come back tomorrow. 我听说我们